In his final report to the UN, Philip Alston, the former Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and...
Working papers
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07/06/2012
Public Perceptions of Poverty, Social Exclusion and Living Standards: Preliminary Report on Focus Group Findings
This report describes the results of a series of fourteen focus groups conducted as part of development work for the PSE: UK survey. This qualitative development work is intended to inform the design of both the necessities Omnibus module and the main-stage PSE living standards survey. This preliminary report focuses on participants’ perceptions of the ‘necessities of life’, i.e. those items and activities that everyone should be able to afford to have or to do in our society today and should not have to go without. The recommendations arising from this report will contribute to the selection of necessities indicators in the forthcoming Omnibus module.
Category: Methods development -
07/06/2012
Measurement and Change in Deprivation and Exclusion in Australia: A Report on Research in Progress
This paper reports some initial results from a survey of poverty and social exclusion conducted in Australia in 2010. The analysis reported in this paper indicates that the deprivation methodology is capable of generating robust and plausible results about what constitutes the essentials of life, which can then be used to examine the nature of social disadvantage in Australia and who is most affected by it. Results from sensitivity analysis also suggest that there is value in applying alternative methods before estimating the incidence of deprivation as a robustness check, given the limitations of some aspects of the approach.
Category: Methods development -
07/06/2012
Europe 2020 Poverty Measurement
In June 2010 the European Union adopted its first anti-poverty target and radically changed its poverty measurement methodology. These changes have significant implications for the Poverty and Social Exclusion in the United Kingdom project, which are considered in this paper.
Category: Methods development -
07/06/2012
Economic Participation in the PSE survey
The aim of this paper is to provide the rationale for the aspects of work that need to be covered, and to identify suitable questions for the main PSE survey to gather the required data. Where possible, it will look to build on questions and instruments that have been used in previous surveys, and to use standardised definitions where these exist. When looking at paid work, data from two large surveys on employment quality are analysed to assess the suitability of various indicators.
Category: Methods development -
07/06/2012
Poverty Measurement in Latin America in the Framework of Transformation and Heterogeneity
This paper explores poverty measurement in South America using the example of Brazil because its magnitude and heterogeneity allow commenting on a broad spectrum of situations that give a good picture of what happens in many countries. It places poverty measurement within the context of two key frameworks. First, the socio-economic transformation that has taken place in the last decade. Second, the need to understand different norms and their influence on expenditure patterns between different geographical areas and socio-economic groups.
Category: Methods development -
07/06/2012
PSE Measures Review Paper: Children’s Deprivation Items
This paper aims to provide a critical review of the children’s items used in the PSE 1999 survey and to provide suggestions for improvements in the current survey. Two lists of deprivation items (short and long) are presented for consideration, along with an analysis of items according to the age of children and recommendations about which age groups items are relevant for. The paper is written for people who are familiar with the socially perceived necessities method.
Category: Methods development -
07/06/2012
Housing and the Living Environment Indicators in the PSE survey
This paper discusses indicators to housing and the living environment, Domain 10 of the Bristol Social Exclusion Matrix (BSEM), for use in the Poverty and Social Exclusion survey. Indicators that capture the relationship between poverty and housing must give a good picture of the following main areas: the physical quality of housing; the degree of (over)crowdedness; the suitability for the specific needs of the household; the security of tenure and the affordability of housing. The effect of housing on other measures of poverty and social exclusion extend to the quality of the neighbourhood and the wider area in which housing is located, referred to as the living environment, which will be measured through various indicators of neighbourhood quality.
Category: Methods development -
07/06/2012
Indicators of Access to Cultural Resources, Education and Skills for the PSE Survey
This paper discusses indicators relating to Domain 4 (‘Cultural Resources’) and Domain 7 (‘Cultural Participation’) of the revised Bristol Social Exclusion Matrix (BSEM) for use in the current Poverty and Social Exclusion survey. In the BSEM, education is treated as a resource as well as an aspect of cultural participation. Questions in the PSE survey therefore need to cover both the educational resources (human capital) of the adults in the survey, i.e. their educational background, and the educational resources currently received by children.
Category: Methods development -
07/06/2012
Access to Public and Private Services in the PSE Survey
This paper presents indicators relating to public and private services, focusing particularly on services relating to health, services for specific groups such as elderly, disabled and young people and public transport. Although many such services are ostensibly ‘universal’, both the quality and the quantity of services are typically lower in poor areas, and families in poverty may face additional barriers when accessing services. This paper argues that there is a need for some innovation in the public and private service questions on the PSE survey due to the changing nature of public service provision.
Category: Methods development -
07/06/2012
Lisbon and Beyond: The EU Approach to Combating Poverty and Social Exclusion in the Last Decade
This paper discusses both poverty and social exclusion as they have been configured, measured and ‘packaged’ in EU policy discourse and practice, and looks at both the content of policy and developments in relation to measurement and monitoring. It finds that the EU has been quietly redefining the measurement of poverty and putting a substance on the more neophyte ‘social exclusion’ as a ‘problem’ for social policy.
Category: Methods development
