Poverty Research Methods Course

Poverty Research Methods Course

Date: 15th - 19th July 2019

Venue: University of Bristol

Course Materials

Introduction

The purpose of this intensive course is to provide a thorough technical and practical introduction to poverty research methods, with a particular emphasis on multidimensional poverty.  Upon completing the course, participants will have the knowledge and skills required to undertake poverty relevant research using cutting edge methodologies – both quantitative and qualitative.

The course will cover both the theory and practice of poverty research and will provide a broad based training concerning recent methodological developments in the UK and internationally.  It will show how to develop a poverty survey using both qualitative and quantitative methods and analyse the results.  It will cover how qualitative and quantitative methods can be integrated to develop a comprehensive and effective research programme to achieve maximum impact.

This intensive course is being funded by the South West Doctoral Training Partnership, the Wales Doctoral Training Partnership and GW4.  It is aimed at PhD students and academic staff who are interested in poverty relevant research.

The presentations are available to download as pdf and ppt (powerpoint) files from the list at the bottom of this page.  Please attribute copyright when referencing these presentations. Please do not publish on other websites. 

PROGRAMME

Monday 15th: Poverty Theory – Victoria Rooms G12

12:30          Registration and Tea/Coffee in the Theatre Bar

13:00          Welcome and Introduction                                  Professor David Gordon

13:30          A Brief History of the Idea of Poverty                  Professor David Gordon

14:30          Relative Deprivation Theory                               Professor David Gordon

15:30          Tea/Coffee in the Theatre Bar

16:00          Poverty as Capability Deprivation                       Dr Rod Hick

17:30          Close

Tuesday 16th: Qualitative Poverty Research Methods – Victoria Rooms G12

9:30            Qualitative methods in consensual poverty research         Dr Eldin Fahmy

10:30          Focus group methods in question development                Dr Eldin Fahmy

11:30          Tea/Coffee in the Theatre Bar

12:00          Practical exercise: Understanding poverty definitions        Dr Eldin Fahmy & Acomo Oloya

13:00          Lunch in the Theatre Bar

14:00          Cognitive methods in question testing                               Dr Eldin Fahmy

15:30          Tea/Coffee in the Theatre Bar

16:00          Practical exercise: Doing cognitive interviews                    Dr Eldin Fahmy &

                                                                                                               Dr Acomo Oloya

17:30          Close

Wednesday 17th: Integrating Methods – Victoria Rooms G12

9:30            Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA)             Dr Mary Zhang

10:30          Dialogical Analysis                                               Dr Rana Jawad

11:30          Tea/Coffee in the Theatre Bar

12:00          Qualitative Impact Assessment Protocol (QuIP)   Prof James Copestake

13:00          Lunch in the Theatre Bar

14:00          Effective Dissemination                                                    Joanna Mack

15:30          Tea/Coffee in the Theatre Bar

16:00          Education Inequality from Children’s Perspective             Dr Tigist Grieve

16:50          Measuring Consensual Deprivation                                  Dr Marco Pomati

17:30          Close

Thursday 18th: Quantitative Methods – G.01, 43 Woodland Road (The two practical sessions will be in the Geography Building 1.3N Haggett PC Lab)

9:30            The Validity of Deprivation Indicators (concepts)             Dr Hector Najera

10:30          Practical: Validity Analyses                                              Dr Hector Najera

11:30          Tea/Coffee in the Reception Room

12:00          The Reliability of Deprivation Indicators (concepts)         Dr Hector Najera

13:00          Lunch in the Reception Room

14:00          Practical: Reliability Analyses                                          Dr Hector Najera

15:30          Tea/Coffee in the Reception Room

16:00          Finding the Multidimensional Poverty Line         Dr Marco Pomati

17:30          Close

Friday 19th: Issues in Poverty Research – G.01, 43 Woodland Road

9:30            Small Area Poverty Estimates                              Dr Hector Najera

10:30          Mapping Poverty                                                  Dr Hector Najera

11:30          Tea/Coffee in the Reception Room

12:00          Measuring Child Poverty                                     Dr Shailen Nandy

13:00          Lunch in the Reception Room

14:00          Multidimensional Poverty in Uganda                  Vincent Ssennono

15:00          Longitudinal Poverty Research Methods            Dr Alba Lanau

16:00          Tea/Coffee in the Reception Room

16:30          Conclusion                                                           Prof David Gordon

Monday 15th: Poverty Theory – Victoria Rooms G12

A Brief History of the Idea of Poverty - Prof David Gordon (University of Bristol)

Talk Overview

In September 2015, the governments of the world agreed to 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) which are designed to guide global economic, environmental and social policy in all countries over the next fifteen years.  The primary SDG is to “End poverty in all its forms everywhere” during the 21st Century, leaving no-one behind.  There have been over 400 years of both anti-poverty policy and poverty research in Britain and yet poverty both persists and is increasing in the UK, so are the SDG goals achievable or impossibly utopian?

This session will provide a brief history of the idea of poverty and discuss what has been learned from poverty research about how to effectively and efficiently eradicate poverty.

Key Reading

Bagguley P, Mann K (1992) Idle, thieving bastards: Scholarly representations of the underclass. Work, Employment and Society, 6(1): 113-126.

George, H (1879) Progress and Poverty: An Inquiry into the Cause of Industrial Depressions and of Increase of Want with Increase of Wealth; The Remedy. W. M. Hinton and Company, San Francisco.  https://progressandpoverty.org/

Gordon, D. (2006) The concept and measurement of poverty. In Pantazis, C., Gordon, D. and Levitas, R. (Eds) Poverty and Social Exclusion in Britain: The Millennium Survey. Bristol, Policy Press. pp 29-70.

Harrington, M. (1962) The Other America: Poverty in the United States. New York: Macmillan Publishing Co

Macnicol J (1987) In pursuit of the underclass. Journal of Social Policy, 16(3): 293-318.

Naoroji, D. (1901) Poverty and Un-British Rule in India. Swan Sonnenschein and Co. Ltd., London.

Shildrick T, MacDonald R, Furlong A, Roden J, Crow R (2012) Are ‘cultures of worklessness’ passed down the generations? York: Joseph Rowntree Foundation www.jrf.org.uk/sites/files/jrf/worklessness-families-employment-full.pdf

Stedman-Jones, G. (2004) An End to Poverty: A Historical Debate. London, Profile Books

Stone, R. (1997) Some British Empiricists in the Social Sciences 1650-1900. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.

Townsend P (2009) Building decent societies. Rethinking the role of social security in state building. Geneva, ILO

Townsend, P. & Gordon, D. (Eds.) (2002) World Poverty: New policies to defeat an old enemy. Bristol: Policy Press.

Welshman J (2007) From transmitted deprivation to social exclusion: Policy, poverty and parenting. Bristol: Policy Press

Key Resources: The Poverty and Social Exclusion website is the UK’s national academic web-resource for Poverty Research – see /

Relative Deprivation Theory - Prof David Gordon (University of Bristol)

Talk Overview

One of the seminal contributions that Professor Peter Townsend made to science was the development of relative deprivation theory, which marked a paradigm shift in both our understanding of poverty and the practice of poverty measurement methodology.  Over the past fifty years, researchers have built upon Townsend’s theory and insights and made significant advances in the measurement and understanding of poverty.

This session will discuss if poverty can ever be measured scientifically or must always remain in the ‘eye of the beholder’.  Is it possible to measure poverty in a consistent and comparable manner in low, middle and high income countries or are different measures of poverty needed in ‘poor’ and ‘rich’ countries? 

Key Reading

Callan, T., Nolan, B. and Whelan, C. (1993), Resources, deprivation and the measurement of poverty, Journal of Social Policy,22:2,141–72.

Dermott, E. and Main, G. (2017) Poverty and Social Exclusion in the UK Volume 1 - The Nature and Extent of the Problem. Bristol, Policy Press

Gordon, D. (2000) The Scientific Measurement of Poverty: Recent Theoretical Advances. In Bradshaw, J. and Sainsbury, R. (Eds) Researching Poverty, Aldershot, Ashgate. pp37-58.

Gordon D & Spicker P (Eds) (1999) The International Glossary on Poverty. London, Zed Books.

Gordon, D., Pantazis, C. & Levitas, R. (Eds.) Poverty and Social Exclusion in Britain: The Millennium Survey. Bristol: The Policy Press.

Gordon, D. & Townsend, P. (2000) Breadline Europe: The measurement of poverty. Bristol: Policy Press.

Halleröd, B. (2006). Sour grapes: Relative deprivation, adaptive preferences and the measurement of poverty. Journal of Social Policy, 35, 371–390.

Halleröd, B., Larsson, D., Gordon, D., & Ritakallio, V. M. (2006). Relative deprivation: A comparative analysis of Britain, Finland and Sweden. Journal of European Social Policy, 16, 328–345.

Piachaud, D. (1981) ‘Peter Townsend and the Holy Grail’.  In New Society on September 10th 1981.

Ringen, S. (1988) Direct and indirect measurement of poverty, Journal for Social Policy 17: 351-65.

Rio Group (2006), Compendium of best practices in poverty measurement, Rio de Janeiro: United Nations Expert Group on Poverty Statistics. https://ww2.ibge.gov.br/poverty/pdf/rio_group_compendium.pdf

Sen, A. (1983), Poor, Relatively Speaking, Oxford Economic Papers, New Series, 35(2): 153-69.

Sen, A. (1985), A Sociological Approach to the Measurement of Poverty: A Reply to Professor Peter Townsend, Oxford Economic Papers, 37: 669-76.

Townsend, P. (1954). Measuring Poverty, British Journal of Sociology, 5(2), pp. 130-137.

Townsend, P. (1962). The Meaning of Poverty, British Journal of Sociology, 13(3), pp. 210-227.

Townsend P (1979), Poverty in the United Kingdom, London: Allen Lane and Penguin Books

Townsend, P. (1981), Rejoinder to Pichaud, New Society. Reproduced in P. Townsend (1993), The International Analysis of Poverty, Hertfordshire: Harvester/Wheatsheaf.

Townsend, P. (1985). A Sociological Approach to the Measurement of Poverty. A Rejoinder to Professor Amartya Sen, Oxford Economic Papers 37 (4): 659-68.

Townsend, P. (1987). Deprivation. Journal of Social Policy 16 (02), 125–146.

Townsend, P. (1993), Theoretical Disputes about Poverty, in P. Townsend, The International Analysis of Poverty. Hemel Hempstead: Harvester Wheatsheaf.

Brief Bio

Professor David Gordon is Professor of Social Justice and the Director of the Townsend Centre for International Poverty Research and the Bristol Poverty Institute at the University of Bristol, UK.  He has written and edited over two hundred books, papers and reports on poverty, inequality and social exclusion, social justice and social policy.  Professor Gordon was a member of the UN Expert Group on Poverty Statistics (Rio Group) and contributed to its ‘Compendium of Best Practice in Poverty Measurement.  He has acted as an external expert for the European Union Working Group on Income, Poverty and Social Exclusion and was a member of the EU Task Force on Material Deprivation.  He was appointed as a scientific advisor to the European Union/Latin American Network 10 - Fight against Urban Poverty.  He worked with UNICEF on its first ever Global Study on Child Poverty and Disparities, providing scientific advice and support to over 50 UNICEF country offices.  Professor Gordon was also an international advisor for the development of the official multidimensional poverty measure in Mexico and has advised the New Zealand and UK governments on poverty measurement and anti-poverty policies.   He led the Poverty and Social Exclusion in the United Kingdom project, which was the largest project of its kind in UK history.  In 2006 and 2007, he was given the tremendous honour of addressing the General Assembly of the United Nations about child and youth poverty.  In 2018, he was elected as a Fellow of the British Academy for his work on poverty research.

Poverty as Capability Deprivation – Dr Rod Hick (University of Cardiff)

Talk Overview

This lecture seeks to provide an overview to the capability approach, which was initially developed by the economist and philosopher Amartya Sen. The talk will be structured in five parts. The first will explain the origins and motivation behind the capability approach; the second, its key concepts. Third, while the capability approach can be applied in a variety of contexts, this section will consider the relevance of the approach for the purposes of poverty analysis specifically, before, fourthly, highlighting some empirical applications and theoretical and conceptual studies which have been inspired by the approach. The concluding fifth section will offer some reflections on the possibilities and limitations of working with the approach.

Key readings

Core ideas

Sen, A. (1982), 'Equality of what?', in A. Sen (ed.), Choice, Welfare and Measurement, New Delhi: Oxford University Press.

Sen, A. (1999), Development as Freedom, Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Sen, A. (1987), 'The standard of living: Lecture II: Lives and capabilities', in G. Hawthorne (ed.), The Standard of Living, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Sen, A. (1987), Commodities and Capabilities, New Delhi: Oxford University Press.

Hick, R. (2014). Poverty as Capability Deprivation: Conceptualising and measuring poverty in contemporary Europe. European Journal of Sociology, 55(3), 295-323.

Robeyns, I. (2017). Wellbeing, freedom and social justice: The capability approach re-examined. Open Book Publishers.

Applications

Deaton, A. (2013). The great escape: health, wealth, and the origins of inequality. Princeton University Press [see especially Chapter 1: The wellbeing of the world)

United Nations (2016), ‘Human Development Report 2016: Human Development for Everyone’, New York, United Nations.

Nussbaum, M. (2003). Capabilities as fundamental entitlements: Sen and social justice. Feminist economics, 9(2-3), 33-59.

Durand, M. (2015). The OECD better life initiative: How's life? and the measurement of well‐being. Review of Income and Wealth, 61(1), 4-17.

Burchardt, T., & Vizard, P. (2011). ‘Operationalizing’the capability approach as a basis for equality and human rights monitoring in twenty‐first‐century Britain. Journal of human development and capabilities, 12(1), 91-119.

Alkire, S., & Foster, J. (2011). Counting and multidimensional poverty measurement. Journal of public economics, 95(7-8), 476-487.

Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (2018), Global Multidimensional Poverty Index 2018: The most detailed picture to date of the world’s poorest people, University of Oxford, UK.

See also: The Human Development and Capability Association website https://hd-ca.org/

Brief Bio

Dr Rod Hick is a Senior Lecturer in Social Policy at Cardiff University. His research interests are the conceptualisation and measurement of poverty; the analysis of social security and anti-poverty initiatives, and the capability approach. He holds a PhD in Social Policy from the London School of Economics, is currently co-editor of the Journal of Poverty and Social Justice, and in 2015 won the Foundation for International Studies on Social Security prize for the best paper presented at their annual conference. In 2016-17 he led a study examining in-work poverty in the UK, funded by the Nuffield Foundation, the findings of which were reported in The Guardian, The Independent and in the UK House of Commons. He is currently working, with Prof Gail Pacheco and Dr Alex Plum (Auckland University of Technology) on a project examining in-work poverty in New Zealand, funded by the NZ Human Rights Commission, and, with Policy and Practice, on a Welsh Government-funded study of the impact of Universal Credit on Council Tax Reduction Schemes and on rent arrears.

Tuesday 16th: Qualitative Poverty Research Methods – Victoria Rooms G12

Course materials (including the practical session materials) will be provided on the day

Brief Bios

Dr Eldin Fahmy is a Senior Lecturer in the School for Policy Studies (SPS) at the University of Bristol. He has researched and published widely in the areas poverty, social exclusion and citizenship. His specific research interests include the applications of mixed methods in poverty research. Dr Fahmy was Co-I on the ESRC 2012 UK Poverty and Social Exclusion Survey with lead responsibility for question development and testing. Recent related work includes focus group research conducted with UNICEF and partners in Uganda and in the South Pacific to better understand public views on poverty and necessities. Until recently, Dr Fahmy was a Trustee of the EAGA Charitable Trust and Co-Editor of the Journal of Poverty and Social Justice and Head of the SPS Centre for the Study of Poverty and Social Justice.

Dr Acomo Oloya is an experienced researcher and a Ugandan national.  She has a Masters in Public Health and a doctorate in Social Science.  Her research into the impact of poverty and social and cultural destruction of health and wellbeing in Uganda was awarded a commendation by University of Bristol’s Faculty of Social Science and Law for its excellence.  She is experienced in undertaking sensitive research with vulnerable population groups in challenging environments such as Somaliland and conflict-affected areas in Somalia and Uganda.  She worked with the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) to develop civilian healthcare services.  Dr Olaya is currently consulting with the University of Bristol as a qualitative researcher on a multi-dimensional poverty study in Uganda.  Her research interests include poverty, health, education and violent conflict.

Wednesday 17th: Integrating Methods – Victoria Rooms G12

Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) -Dr Mary Zhang (University of Bristol)

Talk Overview

Qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) has been designed to identify patterns of multiple conjectural causation and simplify complex data structures in a logical and holistic manner. This session introduces you to this mixed-method approach to analysing the necessary and sufficient causalities between variables of interest, with the first part focusing on crisp set QCA and the second part on fuzzy set QCA. Demonstrations using software packages such as fsQCA will be performed to guide you through the process from calibrating the crisp and fuzzy dataset to testing and interpreting the causal patterns in the data. It is expected that this session will provide a useful analytic tool for those who are interested in case- or variable-oriented research.

Key readings

Rihoux, B., & Ragin, C. C. (2008). Configurational Comparative Methods, Qualitative Comparative Analysis and Related Techniques. SAGE Publications.

Cress, D. M., & Snow, D. A. (2000). The Outcomes of Homeless Mobilization: The Influence of Organization, Disruption, Political Mediation, and Framing. American Journal of Sociology, 105(4), 1063–1104. https://doi.org/10.1086/210399

Harriss-White, B., Olsen, W., Vera-Sanso, P., & Suresh, V. (2013). Multiple shocks and slum household economies in South India. Economy and Society, 42(3), 398–429. https://doi.org/10.1080/03085147.2013.772760

Krook, M. L. (2010). Women’s Representation in Parliament: A Qualitative Comparative Analysis. Political Studies, 58(5), 886–908. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9248.2010.00833.x

Brief Bio

Dr Mary Zhang is a Senior Research Associate of the School for Policy Studies at the University of Bristol. Her research focuses on the social and political aspects of poverty, social exclusion and sustainable development in low- and middle-income countries. She has contributed to a range of important research projects with the support from the GW4 Accelerator Fund, the Economic and Social Research Council, the Hilton Foundation and the Wallenberg Foundation. Her studies use a range of quantitative and qualitative methods

Dialogical Analysis - Dr Rana Jawad (University of Bath)

Talk Overview

The aim of this session is to examine the use of qualitative methods in researching and analysing poverty. The research methods that will be considered address poverty as a ‘dialogical’ unit of analysis which is based on inter-subjective meanings. The course is embedded in a hermeneutic approach to social science research that focuses on the relationship between text, context and consequence in the study of the social world. These perspectives will be employed to examine the issues of identification and causation in qualitatively-oriented poverty research. Five themes will be examined as listed below with the support of case studies from different income-group country contexts.

  1. Poverty as a ‘dialogical’ unit of analysis
  2. The ethics and politics of qualitative research on poverty
  3. Critical policy analysis approaches and the problem representation   
  4. The use of Grounded Theory in poverty-related research
  5. Participatory approaches in poverty research
  6. Synthesis: how can qualitative research enhance and challenge how social science defines poverty and explains its causes

Key Readings

Charmaz, Kathy et al. (2018) ‘Evolving grounded theory and social justice inquiry’. In Denzin, N. and Lincoln, Y. (Eds.) The Sage Handbook of Qualitative Research. California: Sage

Dryzek, J. S (2013) Policy Analysis as Critique. In Moran, R. Rien, M. and Goodin.M. (Eds.) Handbook of Public Policy. Oxford: Oxford University Press

Lister, Ruth (2004) Poverty. Cambridge: Polity

Shaffer, Paul (2013) Q-Squared: Combining Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches to Poverty Analysis. Oxford: Oxford University Press

Tony Addison, David Hulme, S. M. Ravi Kanbur (2009) Poverty dynamics: interdisciplinary perspectives. Oxford : Oxford University Press.

Brief Bio

Dr Rana Jawad is Senior Lecturer in Social Policy at the University of Bath. She specialises in the Middle East and North Africa region and is interested in qualitative analyses of policy change and social action in this region. She has published extensively on social policy and social protection issues and is convener of the MENA social policy network www.menasp.com.

Qualitative Impact Assessment Protocol (QuIP) - Prof James Copestake

Talk Overview

This session will take a practical approach to the challenge of how to provide credible and cost-effective feedback into the impact of anti-poverty interventions in complex contexts. More specifically, it will focus on the scope for use of qualitative methods to address not only the question of ‘what works’ but also for whom and how. In focusing on causal mechanisms explaining programme outcomes it also explores the contested space between (a) operational data generated by agencies implementing programmes, (b) large n correlational impact studies. It will be based on an extended case study of development and use of the QuIP, with particular reference to its use alongside a randomized controlled trial to evaluate an integrating anti-poverty programme in Malawi. In so doing, the session will also explore the issue of different forms and applications of mixed methods research in poverty assessment.

Key Reading

For background material see the resources page of www.bathsdr.org also “Attributing Development Impact” available as an e-book free at

https://www.developmentbookshelf.com/doi/book/10.3362/9781780447469

Brief Bio

Professor James Copestake is Professor of International Development at the University of Bath.  He has a particular interest in diverse development finance modalities and their evaluation. His recent research and publications have covered contested perceptions of wellbeing in Peru, microfinance in India, the relationship between social policy and development studies, the design of challenge funds, use of political economy analysis in aid management and qualitative impact evaluation. He was principal investigator for the ESRC/DFID Assessing Rural Transformations action research project at the University of Bath between 2012-2016 which culminated in the development of the Qualitative Impact Assessment Protocol (QuIP).

Effective Dissemination - Joanna Mack (Open University

Talk Overview

This session explores the key principles underlying the effective dissemination of research and the challenges faced in doing so.  It examines the way the media frames the debate on welfare and deprivation and the problems this presents for the dissemination of poverty research.  It also examines how the nature of research into poverty can raise ethical issues for dissemination relating to data protection and the use of people’s life stories and how to make quantitative research accessible to a wider public, in particular using data visualisation. The PSE UK research project is used as a central case study and the session examines how the dissemination strategy was developed to try to maximise impact across all media and reach both an academic and a general audience. The session examines how coverage in the press and radio was generated, the production of special edition of ITV’s flag ship current affairs programme ‘Tonight’ dedicated to the survey findings, the use of twitter and the setting up and development of the poverty and social exclusion website, www.poverty.ac.uk .

PSE UK uses the consensual method of measuring poverty developed across three earlier surveys into poverty in Britain (in 1983, 1991 and 1999) and one in Northern Ireland (in 2002/3) and the session covers how the changes to media outlets have impacted on dissemination.  The 1983 survey – which was the first ever survey to assess people’s attitudes to the necessities of life in Britain and set out the framework for the consensual (or democratic) method of measuring poverty - was developed for a television series, ITV’s Breadline Britain.  The second survey in 1991 was commissioned and carried out for ITV’s follow-up series, Breadline Britain in the 1990s. By the time of the 1999 survey, television had moved in a more populist direction, public service requirements on the ITV companies had been removed, and there was no interest in such serious documentary programming. The session ends with a discussion of how you might present your results and the need to build these considerations in from the start.

Key Reading

Baumberg, B. et al. (2012). Benefits Stigma in Britain. London: Turn2Us.

Chauhan, A., & Foster, J. (2014). Representations of poverty in British newspapers: a case of ‘othering’ the threat? Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology, 24 (5), pp.390-405.

Lansley, S., & Mack, J. (2015). Breadline Britain - the rise of mass poverty. London: Oneworld.

Larsen, C. A., & Dejgaard, T. E. (2013). The institutional logic of images of the poor and welfare recepients: A comparative study. Journal of Eureopean Social Policy, 23 (3), 287-289.

Lugo-Ocando, J. (2015) Blaming the Victim: How Global Journalism Fails Those in Poverty. London, Pluto Press.

Mack, J. (2018). Fifty years of poverty in the UK. In G. &. Bramley, Poverty and Social Exclusion in the UK: Volume 2 - The dimensions of disadvantage (pp. 27-55). Bristol: Policy Press.

Mack, J., & Lansley, S. (1985). Poor Britain. London: George, Allen and Unwin.

McKendrick, J. H. (2008). The media, poverty and public opinion in the UK. York: Joseph Rowntree Foundation.

Media Diversity Institute. (2017). How to report people in poverty. London: MDI Europe.

Morrison, J. (2019). Scroungers: Moral Panics and Media Myths. Zed Books: London.

Redden, J. (2011). Poverty in the News. Information, Communications & Society, Vol. 14, No. 6, 820-849.

Redden, J. (2011). The Mediation of Poverty: The News, New Media and Politics . Phd T. London: Goldsmiths, University of London.

Seymour, D. (2009). Reporting poverty in the UK. York: Joseph Rowntree Foundation.

Wells, R. &. (2018). UK print media coverage of the food bank phenomenon: from food welfare to food. British Food Journal, Vol. 116 Issue: 9, 1426-1445.

Brief Bio

Joanna Mack is an Honorary Senior Research Fellow in the School of Policy Studies at the University of Bristol and a Visiting Fellow in the Faculty of Social Sciences at the Open University. She was the Open University's lead for the ESRC-funded Poverty and Social Exclusion research project (PSE UK) which ran from 2010 to 2015 and was the largest ever research project in the UK into poverty. Joanna was in charge of dissemination for PSE UK and, in 2012, she set up the Poverty and Social Exclusion website - www.poverty.ac.uk which has become an important source of information on poverty and social exclusion in the UK and is now extensively used by researchers, educators, students and the campaigners.

From 2004 to 2016, Joanna worked at the Open University where she was responsible for the social science undergraduate and postgraduate media output before becoming Head of Video and Audio. Prior to that, she worked in broadcast television and is an award-winning producer and director. In 1983, she produced and directed the ‘Breadline Britain’ series and, in 1991, was series editor of ‘Breadline Britain - 1990s’, both broadcast on the ITV network. She is co -author (with Stewart Lansley) of Breadline Britain - the rise of mass poverty (Oneworld, 2015) which draws on thirty years of research in this field and of Poor Britain (George, Allen & Unwin, 1983) which set out the theoretical basis of the consensual method. Joanna is contributing author to Poverty and Social Exclusion in the UK, Volume 2: The dimensions of disadvantage, Ed. Bramley, G. and Bailey, N. (Policy Press, 2018) and The Violence of Austerity, Ed. Cooper, V. and Whyte, D. (Pluto Press, 2017).

Education Inequality from Children’s Perspective - Dr Tigist Grieve

Talk Overview

Drawing on recent examples from ethnographic research in rural Ethiopia, the session will outline relational and practical considerations to be taken before setting up an observation/interview and during an interview. It will cover how age, gender and other categories, in terms of the social place children occupy, for example, a working child being interviewed in the workplace, require a careful approach that addresses the moral and ethical obligations placed on the researcher. Importance of dealing with asymmetric power relations between researcher and the participants of the study is also covered.

Key reading (long list below – the BOLD are key)

Boyden, J. and Ennew, J., Eds., 1997. Children in Focus - a Manual for Participatory Research with Children. Stockholm, Save the Children Sweden

Bourdillon, Michael (2009) Children as domestic employees: Problems and promises. Journal of Children and Poverty 15(1): 1–18

Clark, A., 2004. The mosaic approach and research with young children, in Lewis, V., Kellett, M., Robinson, C., Fraser, S. and Ding, S. (Eds.), The Reality of Research with Children and Young People. London, UK: Sage.

Clark, A., McQuail, S. and Moss, P., 2003. Exploring the Field of Listening to and Consulting with Young Children, London: Thomas Coram Research Unit.

Davis, J. M. 1998. Understanding the meanings of children: a reflexive process. Children & Society 12(5): 325-335. Available DOI: 10.1111/j.1099-0860.1998.tb00089.x

Fraser, S., Lewis, V., Ding, S., Kellett, M., and Robinson, C., Eds., 2004. Doing Research with Children and Young People. The Open University, London: Sage.

Hart, J., 2008. Children's participation and international development: attending to the political International Journal of Children's Rights 16, pp407-418.

Hart, R. A., 1992. Children’s participation: from tokenism to citizenship, Innocenti Essays, No. 4. Florence: UNICEF International Child Development Centre.

James, A. and Prout, A., eds., 1997. Constructing and Reconstructing Childhood: Contemporary Issues in the Sociological Study of Childhood. 2nd Edition. London: Falmer Press.

James, A., Jenks, C., and Prout, A., 1998. Theorising Childhood. Cambridge: Polity Press.

Kassa, Sophia Chanyalew (2016) Negotiating intergenerational relationships and social expectations in childhood in rural and urban Ethiopia. Childhood, 23(3), 394–409.

Katz, C., 2004. Growing Up Global: Economic Restructuring and Children’s Everyday Lives. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.

Klocker, N., 2007. An example of ‘thin’ agency : Child domestic workers in Tanzania in  Panelli, R., Punch, S. and Robson, E., eds., Global Perspectives on Rural Childhood and Youth: Young Rural Lives. London : Routledge.

Komulainen, S., 2007. The Ambiguity of the Child's 'Voice' in Social Research. Childhood 14(1), pp11-28.

Koohi-Kamali, F., 2008. Intrahousehold inequality and child gender bias in Ethiopia. Policy Research working paper, no. WPS 4755. Washington, DC: World Bank.

Kovacheva, S., 2004. The role of family social capital in young people’s transition from school to work in Bulgaria. Sociologija, 46(3), pp.211-226.

Lewis, V. , Kellett, M., Robinson, C., Fraser, S. and Ding, S., 2004. The Reality of research with children and young people. Sage: The Open University.

Lloyd-Smith, M. and Tarr, J. 2000. Researching children’s perspectives: a sociological dimension. In Lewis, A. and Lindsay, G. (Eds.) Researching Children’s Perspectives. Buckingham, Philadelphia: Open University Press.

Mayall, B. (2002) Towards a sociology for childhood: Thinking from children’s lives. Maidenhead: Open University Press.

Prout, A. and James, A. 1990. A New Paradigm for the Sociology of Childhood? Provenance, Promise and Problems, in James, A.and Prout, A. (eds) Constructing and Reconstructing Childhood: Contemporary Issues in the Sociological Study of Childhood, pp.7-34. London: Falmer Press.

Punch, S. 2002. Research with children: the same or different from research with adults? Childhood, 9: 321–341.

Punch, S. 2003. Childhoods in the majority world: miniature adults or tribal children? Sociology, 37: pp.277–295.

Qvortrup, J., Bardy, M., Sgritta, G. and Wintersberger, H.(eds.). 1994. Childhood Matters: Social Theory, Practice and Politics. Aldershot: Avebury.

Raynor, J., 2005. Educating girls in Bangladesh: watering a neighbour’s tree. Beyond access: transforming policy and practice for gender equality in education. Oxford: Oxfam, pp.83-105.

Brief Bio

Dr Tigist Grieve is a Vice Chancellor’s Fellow at the University of Bristol.  Her work is highly interdisciplinary, drawing on International Development, Gender Studies, Anthropology and Education disciplines with particular focus on inequalities and questions of social reproduction. Tigist’s work is anchored on the often-marginalised voices of rural children, parents and teachers with the aim of making their voices part of the development debate.

Her work seeks to bring the marginalised voices of adolescent girls to the ongoing debate on gender and empowerment. Her research approach is committed to co-production of knowledge anchored on the lived experiences of adolescents. She brings extensive understanding of the political, economic, cultural and social environment within which the lived experiences of adolescent girls need to be framed.

Measuring Consensual Deprivation - Dr Marco Pomati (University of Cardiff)

Talk Overview

This session will focus on how the Consensual Approach has used qualitative and quantitative methods to establish consensus about what constitutes acceptable living standards across and within countries. The session will focus particularly on the idea of adaptive preferences and how survey data has been used by researchers to establish consensus. There will not be a lab workshop in this session.

Key Readings

Abe, A., & Pantazis, C. (2013). Comparing public perceptions of the necessities of life across two societies. Japan: Social Policy and Society. 13,1, 69-88

Fahmy, E., Sutton, E. and Pemberton, S., (2015) Are we all agreed? Consensual methods and the ‘necessities of life’in the UK today. Journal of social policy, 44(3), pp.591-610.

Guio, A.-C., E. Marlier, D. Gordon, E. Fahmy, S. Nandy and M. Pomati (2016). Improving the measurement of material deprivation at the European Union level. Journal of European Social Policy 26 (3), 219–333

Hallerod, B. (1995). The truly poor: Direct and indirect consensual measurement of poverty in Sweden. Journal of European Social Policy 5 (2), 111–129

Layte, R., Nolan, B. and Whelan, C. (2000), ‘Targeting poverty: lessons from monitoring Ireland’s national anti-poverty strategy’, Journal of Social Policy,29:4,553–75.

Layte, R., Nolan, B. and Whelan, C. (2001), Reassessing Income and Deprivation: Approaches to the Measurement of Poverty, Dublin: Economic and Social Research Institute

Mack, J. and S. Lansley (1985).  Poor Britain. London, George Allen & Unwin.

Ministry of Social Development (2002), Direct Measurement of Living Standards: The New Zealand ELSI Scale, Wellington: New Zealand Ministry of Socal Development.

Noble, M., Ratcliffe, A., & Wright, G. (2004). Conceptualizing, defining and measuring poverty in South Africa: An argument for a consensual approach. Oxford: Centre for the Analysis of South African Social Policy, University of Oxford.

Noble, M., Wright, G., Magasela, W. K., & Ratcliffe, A. (2008). Developing a democratic definition of poverty in South Africa. Journal of Poverty, 11, 117–141.

Nandy, S. and Pomati, M., 2015. Applying the consensual method of estimating poverty in a low income African setting. Social indicators research, 124(3), pp.693-726

Whelan,C.and Maitre,B.(2007), ‘Measuring material deprivation with EU-SILC: lessons from the Irish survey’, European Societies,9:2,147–73.

Brief Bio

Dr Marco Pomati is a Lecturer in the School of Social Sciences, Cardiff University, UK. His main research focus is the exploration and validation of policy-relevant living standards measures in Europe, the UK and Africa. His most recent work focuses on measures of material deprivation in Europe and Sub-Saharan Africa, the extent and severity of malnutrition in West and Central Africa and the dynamics of economic wellbeing in the UK.

Thursday 18th: Quantitative Methods – G.01, 43 Woodland Road (The two practical sessions will be in the Geography Building 1.3N Haggett PC Lab)

Overview (Day 4 Validity and Reliability):

Measurement error adds noise to everything we attempt to quantify in social sciences, and poverty measurement, of course, is befouled by both systematic and random error. There is no such thing as error-free measurement but researchers rarely put their scales under scrutiny and most of their assumptions remain unexplored. The session draws upon key scientific principles (validity and reliability) to provide an overview of current theories and methods for assessing and producing scientifically sound poverty indices, that is, indices that lead to consistent results and capture poverty and not some other phenomenon. The course will use R-software to show the implementation of the analyses of both reliability and validity.

The Finding the Multidimensional Poverty Line sessions will focus on how to combine income/expenditure data with deprivation data to identify the poverty line. This will include a lab session using R

Key Readings (Validity and Reliability):

Brennan, R (2006). Educational Measurement. ACE/Praeger Series on Higher Education. Praeger.

Gelman, A and Loken (2017) Measurement error and the replication crisis. Science. 355(6325) http://www.stat.columbia.edu/~gelman/research/published/measurement.pdf

Guio AC, Gordon DA, Najera HE, Pomati MA. (2017) Revising the EU material deprivation variables. Luxembourg: European Union. 2017. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/products-statistical-working-papers/-/KS-TC-17-002

Nájera. H (2019) Reliability, Population Classification and Weighting in Multidimensional Poverty Measurement: A Monte Carlo Study. Social Indicators Research 142.3: 887-910.

Spearman, C. (1904) The proof and measurement of association between two things. American journal of Psychology 15.1 (1904): 72-101

Key Readings (Multidimensional Poverty Line):

Babones, S., J. Simona Moussa, and C. Suter (2015). A poisson-based framework for setting poverty thresholds using indicator lists.  Social Indicators Research, 1–16

Dewilde, C. (2004), ‘The multidimensional measurement of poverty in Belgium and Britain: a categorical approach’, Social Indicators Research,68:3,331–69.

Gillie, A. (2000), Rowntree, poverty lines and school boards, in J. Bradshaw and R. Sainsbury, eds., Getting the measure of poverty: the early legacy of Seebohm Rowntree Aldershot, Ashgate, pp. 85–108.

Gillie, A. (1996) ‘The origin of the poverty line’, Economic History Review, XLIX, pp. 715–730.

Gillie, A. (2008) Identifying the poor in the 1870s and 1880s, Economic History Review, 61, 2, pp. 302–325

Goedhart, Th., Halberstadt, V., Kapteyn, A. and van Praag, B. M. S. (1977) The poverty line: concept and measurement, Journal of Human Resources, (14) 2,Fall: 503-20.

Gordon, D. (2006). The concept and measurement of poverty. In C. Pantazis, D. Gordon, and R. Levitas (Eds.), Poverty and Social Exclusion in Britain: The Millenium Survey, Chapter 2, pp. 29–69. Bristol Policy Press.

Gordon, D., (2017) Producing an ‘objective’ poverty line in eight easy steps /sites/default/files/attachments/Steps-to-producing-the-PSEpoverty-line_Gordon.pdf

Kangas, O. and V.-M. Ritakallio: 1998, ‘Different methods – different results? Approaches to multidimensional poverty’, in H.-J. Andreß (ed.), Empirical Poverty Research in a Comparative Perspective (Ashgate, Aldershot), pp. 167–203.

Tomlinson, M., R. Walker and G. Williams (2008). Measuring poverty in Britain as a multi- dimensional concept, 1991 to 2003. Journal of Social Policy 37 (04), 597–620

Brief Bio

Dr Hector Nájera is Senior Research Fellow at the Programme of Development Studies (National Autonomous University of Mexico, UNAM). He has a PhD in Social Policy from the University of Bristol. Dr. Nájera has worked for several international organizations was a Senior Research Associate at the Centre for Poverty and Social Justice analysing poverty data from more than 50 counties. He has published widely about multidimensional poverty measurement and is leading an ESRC funded project on multidimensional poverty measurement in Latin America. His research focuses on the empirical examination of the statistical properties of multidimensional measures using latent variable modelling and Monte Carlo simulation and on spatial modelling and small-area estimation using both classical statistics and Bayesian methods.

Friday 19th: Issues in Poverty Research – G.01, 43 Woodland Road

Small Area Poverty Estimates - Dr Hector Najera (UNAM)

Mapping Poverty - Dr Hector Najera (UNAM)

Talk Overview

Poverty research uses survey data to produce estimates of the prevalence rates at national level. Sometimes household survey data have a sample frame that enables researches to estimate poverty at regional level. However, these data are limited in that survey data is not designed to produce estimates of poverty for small areas such as counties, districts or municipalities. Thus, for policymakers is impossible to pinpoint the location of poverty and assign resources accordingly. Small-area estimation is a field that proposes a series of methods to model poverty and produce estimates using both survey and ancillary data. The course will introduce the literature and some of the methods involved in small-area estimation.

Key readings:

Molina, I., Nandram, B., & Rao, J. N. K. (2014). Small area estimation of general parameters with application to poverty indicators: a hierarchical Bayes approach. The Annals of Applied Statistics, 8(2), 852-885.

Nájera, H. (2019). Small-area estimates of stunting. Mexico 2010: Based on a hierarchical Bayesian estimator. Spatial and spatio-temporal epidemiology, 29, 1-11.

Nájera H., Fifita, V.F. and Faingaanuku, W. (2019) Small-Area Multidimensional Poverty Estimates for Tonga 2016: Drawn from a Hierarchical Bayesian Estimator. Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy https://doi.org/10.1007/s12061-019-09304-8

Pratesi, M. (Ed.). (2016). Analysis of poverty data by small area estimation. John Wiley & Sons.

Rao, J. N. (2014). SmallArea Estimation. Wiley StatsRef: Statistics Reference Online, 1-8.

Measuring Child Poverty - Dr Shailen Nandy (University of Cardiff)

Talk Overview

The session sets out why it is important for any study of child poverty, be it conducted in high, middle- or low-income country settings, to develop and use indicators suitable for reflecting the needs and rights of children. It will show how definitions of poverty have evolved to include the needs of children and how this has shaped the measurement of child poverty today. Examples will be presented from around the world, showing how the measurement of child poverty has changed and is improving as international agencies and national governments realise the importance of tackling child poverty.

Key References

Alkire, S, and Roche, J.M., (2012) Beyond headcount: Measures that reflect the breadth and components of child poverty. Global Child Poverty and Well-Being: 103-133.

Barnes, H. and Wright, G., 2012. Defining child poverty in South Africa using the socially perceived necessities approach. Global child poverty and well-being: Measurement, concepts, policy and action, pp.135-154.

Bradbury, B. and Jäntti, M., 2001. Child poverty across the industrialised world: evidence from the Luxembourg Income Study. Child Well-Being, Child Poverty, and Child Policy in Modern Nations: What Do We Know, pp.11-32.

Burd-Sharps, S., Guyer, P., Lechterman, T. and Lewis, K., 2012. Child well-being in the US: proposal for the development of a ‘Tots Index’ using the human development conceptual framework.Global Child Poverty and Well-Being, p.155.

Cornia, G.A., Jolly, R. and Stewart, F., 1989.Adjustment with a human face. Oxford University Press.

Chzhen, Y., De Neubourg, C., Plavgo, I. and de De Milliano, M., 2014.Understanding child deprivation in the European Union: the multiple overlapping deprivation analysis (EU-MODA) Approach. UNICEF Office of Research-Innocenti.

De Neubourg, C., Chai, J., de Milliano, M. and Plavgo, I., 2013.Step-by-step guidelines to the multiple overlapping deprivation analysis (MODA) Innocenti Working Paper No.695.

Gordon, D. and Nandy, S., 2012. Measuring child poverty and deprivation.Global child poverty and well-being. Measurement, concepts, policy and action, pp.57-101.

Gordon, D., Nandy, S., Pantazis, C., Townsend, P. and Pemberton, S., 2003.Child poverty in the developing world. Policy Press.

Guio, A.C., Gordon, D., Marlier, E., Najera, H. and Pomati, M., 2018. Towards an EU measure of child deprivation. Child indicators research,11(3), pp.835-860.

Kim, E. and Nandy, S., 2018. Multidimensional Child Poverty in Korea: Developing Child-Specific Indicators for the Sustainable Development Goals. Child Indicators Research, 11(3), pp.1029-1050.

MacPherson, S., 1987. Five hundred million children. Poverty and child welfare in the Third World, Wheatsheaf, UK.

Main G. 2019. Child poverty and subjective well-being: The impact of children’s perceptions of fairness and involvement in intra-household sharing. Children and Youth Services Review. 97, pp. 49-58

Main G. 2014. Child poverty and children's subjective well-being. Child Indicators Research. 7(3), pp. 451-472

Main G, Bradshaw J. 2016. Child poverty in the UK: Measures, prevalence and intra-household sharing. Critical Social Policy. 36(1), pp. 38-61

Minujin, A. and Nandy, S. eds., 2012. Global child poverty and well-being: Measurement, concepts, policy and action. Policy Press.

Minujin, A., Delamonica, E., Davidziuk, A. and Gonzalez, E.D., 2006. The definition of child poverty: a discussion of concepts and measurements. Environment and Urbanization, 18(2), pp.481-500.

Minujin, A. and Delamonica, E., 2003. Mind the gap! Widening child mortality disparities. Journal of Human Development, 4(3), pp.397-418.

Nandy, S. and Main, G., 2015. The consensual approach to child poverty measurement. CROP Poverty Brief, 16.

Nandy, S. and Gordon, D., 2009. Children living in squalor: Shelter, water and sanitation deprivations in developing countries. Children Youth and Environments, 19(2), pp.202-228.

Reddy, S.G., 2008. The New Global Poverty Estimates? Digging Deeper into a Hole, UNDP International Poverty Centre One Pager No.65.

Redmond, G., 2008. Child poverty and child rights: Edging towards a definition. Journal of Children and Poverty, 14(1), pp.63-82.

Rees, G. and Main, G., 2015. Children’s Views on their Lives and Well-Being in 15 Countries: An initial report on the Children’s Worlds survey, 2013-14. York, UK: Children’s Worlds project.

Ridge, T., 2002. Childhood poverty and social exclusion: From a child's perspective. Policy press.

UNICEF., 2005. The state of the world's children 2006: Excluded and invisible. UNICEF.

Vandemoortele, J., 2000. Absorbing social shocks, protecting children and reducing poverty. The role of basic social services. New York: UNICEF.

UNICEF, 2000. Poverty reduction begins with children. New York: UNICEF.

Brief Bio

Dr Shailen Nandy is Reader in Social Policy in the School of Social Sciences at Cardiff University. His research interest covers many topics in international development, with a focus on the measurement of poverty and child poverty. He has been a consultant to UNICEF, the World Health Organisation and the UK Department for International Development and PI on several GCRF research projects on poverty, undernutrition and migration. He edited (with Alberto Minujin) Global child poverty and well-being: Measurement, concepts, policy and action. Policy Press (2012). He is currently collaborating with UNICEF Uganda on developing measures of multidimensional child poverty which can aid reporting for the Sustainable Development Goals.

Multidimensional Poverty in Uganda -Vincent Ssennono (UBOS)

Talk Overview

There is a long history of poverty measurement in Uganda.  The Uganda Bureau of Statistics has been at the forefront of methodological research into official poverty measurement in Sub-Saharan Africa and has undertaken a range of comprehensive surveys to measure the living standards of the population over the past 30 years, including one Integrated Household Survey (1992–93), seven Uganda National Household Surveys (1996, 1999, 2002, 2005–06, 2009–10, 2012–13 and 2016–17), and five Uganda Panel Data Surveys (2009–10, 2010–11, 2012–13, 2013–14, 2016–17). In addition, six Demographic and Health Surveys (1988–89, 1995, 2000–01, 2006, 2011 and 2016) and three recent census rounds (1991, 2002 and 2014) have been conducted. The quantity, availability and comparability of household surveys over the last three decades in Uganda are arguably unrivalled among sub-Saharan African countries (Beegle et al. 2016).

Whereas income poverty provides a vital measure of adult and child poverty and vulnerability, it does not sufficiently capture the extent and depth of deprivations suffered by adults and children.  Like development, the nature of poverty is multidimensional. This important recognition makes it particularly important to broaden common perceptions and measures of poverty beyond traditional household consumption-based monetary approaches.  This session will focus on the poverty related work of the Uganda Bureau of Statistics

Key Reading

Appleton, S. (2003) Regional or National Poverty Lines: The Case of Uganda in the 1990s. Journal of African Economies, 12, 4, 598-624.

Cuesta, Jose, Jon Jellena, Yekaterina Chczen and Lucia Ferrone. (2018) Commitment to Equity for Children (CEQ4C): Fiscal Policy, Multidimensional Poverty, and Equity in Uganda  Innocenti Working Paper WP-2018-03 (1 April), Office of Research, United Nations Children’s Fund, Florence.

de Milliano, Marlous, and Ilze Plavgo. (2018). Analysing Multidimensional Child Poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa: Findings Using an International Comparative Approach. Child Indicators Research 11 (3): 805–33.

Gordon, David, Şebnem Eroğlu, Eldin Fahmy, Viliami Konifelenisi Fifita, Shailen Nandy, and Acomo Oloya (2019) Multidimensional Child Poverty and Deprivation in Uganda Volume 1: The Extent and Nature of Multidimensional Child Poverty and Deprivation. Kampala, Government of Uganda & UNICEF.

Gordon, David, Şebnem Eroğlu, Eldin Fahmy, Viliami Konifelenisi Fifita, Shailen Nandy, and Acomo Oloya (2019) Multidimensional Child Poverty and Deprivation in Uganda Volume 2: Views of the Public. Kampala, Government of Uganda & UNICEF.

Lawson, D., McKay, A., & Okidi, J. (2006) Poverty persistence and transitions in Uganda: a combined qualitative and quantitative analysis. Journal of Development Studies, 42(7), 1225–1251.

Lawson, D., Hulme, D. and Muwonge, J (2008) Combining quantitative and qualitative research to further our understanding of poverty dynamics: Some methodological considerations. International Journal of Multiple Research Approaches, 2, 2, 191-204

Levine, Sebastian, James Muwonge and Yélé Maweki Batana. (2014) A Robust Multi-Dimensional Profile for Uganda. Journal of Human Development Capabilities 15 (4): 369–90.

Ministry of Finance, Planning and Economic Development (2000a) Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper, Uganda's Poverty Eradication Action Plan, Summary and Main Objectives. Kampala: Ministry of Finance, Planning and Economic Development.

Ministry of Finance, Planning and Economic Development (2000b) Uganda Participatory Poverty Assessment Report. Kampala: Ministry of Finance, Planning and Economic Development.

Ministry of Finance, Planning and Economic Development (20002) Uganda Second Participatory Poverty Assessment Report: Deepening the Understanding of Poverty. Kampala: Ministry of Finance, Planning and Economic Development.

Ministry of Finance, Planning and Economic Development (2012) Poverty Status Report 2012: Reducing vulnerability, equalising opportunities and transforming. Kampala: Ministry of Finance, Planning and Economic Development.

Ministry of Finance, Planning and Economic Development (2014) Poverty Status Report 2014: Structural Change and Poverty Reduction in Uganda. Kampala: Ministry of Finance, Planning and Economic Development.

Misinde, C. (2017) “An Intrinsic characteristics and Value of Poverty Indicators”: a New Method for Deriving Child Living Condition Scores and Poverty, in Uganda. Child Indicators Research,  10, 1, 141–170

Pereznieto, P., Walker, D., Villar, E. & Alder, H. (2014). Child and poverty and deprivation in Uganda: Voices of children. Kampala: Ministry of Gender, Labour and Social Development; UNICEF Uganda; Overseas Development Institute.

Ssewanyana, S. and Okidi, J.A. (2007). Poverty estimates from the Uganda National Household Survey III, 2005/6.  Economic Policy Research Centre Occasional Paper No.34. Kampala

Witter, S. (2002) The Silent Majority: Child Poverty in Uganda. London, Save the Children.

Brief Bio

Vincent Fred Ssennono is Principal Statistician (Methodology and Analysis), Directorate of Socio-Economic Surveys at the Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS) in Kampala.  UBOS has undertaken extensive research into income and expenditure poverty, poverty mapping and multidimensional poverty measurement.  It is amongst the leading National Statistical Offices in the world in developing robust poverty measures for policy purposes.

Vincent holds an undergraduate degree in Statistics, a Masters in Economic Policy and Planning and is currently a Phd candidate researching into Energy Economics and Governance. He is a member of Uganda Christian University Research Ethics Committee.

Longitudinal Poverty Research Methods - Dr Alba Lanau (University of Bristol)

Talk Overview

Longitudinal analysis changed how we think about poverty. The development of panel datasets made researchers realise that poverty is less persistent than previously thought and that, in fact, for the majority of households, poverty is short lived. Simultaneously, there is growing concern about inter-generational transmission of disadvantage, by which childhood conditions leave a long term imprint on individual life chances. This brief session will provide an overview of key findings of longitudinal poverty research (in the UK, Europe and the Global South) and introduce some of the methods that can be used to include time into poverty analysis.

Key References:

Aalen, O. O., Borgan, Ø and Gjessing, H. K. (2008) An introduction to survival and event history analysis. In: Survival and Event History Analysis. Statistics for Biology and Health. Springer, New York, NY [e-book in UoB Library]

Berthoud, R., and Bryan, M., (2011) Income, deprivation and poverty: A longitudinal analysis. Journal of Social Policy, 40(1), pp. 135-156

Jenkins, S. P. (2011) Changing fortunes : income mobility and poverty dynamics in Britain. Oxford; New York : Oxford University Press.

Hick, R. and Lanau, A. (2018) ‘Moving in and out of in work poverty’, Journal of Social Policy, 47(4), pp. 661-682 . DOI: 10.1017/s0047279418000028

Layte, R. and Whelan, C.T. (2003), ‘Moving in and out of poverty: The impact of welfare regimes on poverty dynamics in the EU’, European Societies, 5, 2, pp. 167 – 191.

Vaalavuo, M. (2015), Poverty dynamics in Europe: from what to why, Directorate General of Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion working paper 03/2015, Luxembourg, Publications Office of the European Union.

Useful Resources:

ALSPAC https://www.bristol.ac.uk/alspac/

Centre for Longitudinal Studies (UCL) https://cls.ucl.ac.uk/

GESIS MISSY: EU-SILC Metadata https://www.gesis.org/en/missy/metadata/EU-SILC/

Low and Middle Income Longitudinal Population Study Directory. Institute for Fiscal Studies.  https://www.ifs.org.uk/tools_and_resources/longitudinal

Longitudinal and Life Course Studies https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/bup/llcs

UK Longitudinal Studies Centre https://www.iser.essex.ac.uk/ulsc

UK Data Service Longitudinal Studies https://ukdataservice.ac.uk/get-data/key-data/cohort-and-longitudinal-studies

Understanding Society https://www.understandingsociety.ac.uk/

Brief Bio

Dr Alba Lanau is a poverty researcher with over 10 years’ experience in the management of large datasets. Her research focuses on multidimensional poverty measurement and the determinants and consequences of poverty, with a particular focus on children and young people. She has presented her work in international forums such as the East Asian Social Policy conference and the European Social Survey annual conference. Her research on in work-poverty with Dr Rod Hick has been published in the Journal of Social Policy and Social Policy and Society. Her most recent work examines intra-household inequalities between children and adults and the impact of public and private services in the standard of living of families with children in Low and Middle Income countries.

Attachment Size
A Brief History of the Idea of Poverty_David Gordon_15th.ppt 3.67 MB
Advanced qualitative data methods_Eldin Fahmy_16th.ppt 1.57 MB
Dialogical Analysis_Rana Jawad_17th.pdf 1.24 MB
Education Inequality_Tigist Grieve_17th.pdf 1.21 MB
Effective Dissemination_Joanna Mack_17th.pdf 9.62 MB
Finding the Poverty Line_Marco Pomati_18th.pdf 1.41 MB
Measuring Child Poverty_Shailen Nandy_19th.pdf 1.55 MB
Measuring Consensual Deprivation_Marco Pomati_17th.pdf 3.52 MB
Poverty as Capability Deprivation_Rod Hick_15th.pdf 609.33 KB
Poverty in Uganda_Vincent Ssennono_19th.pdf 1.17 MB
Qualitative Comparative Analysis_Mary Zhang_17th.pdf 8.04 MB
Qualitative Methods Class exercises_Eldin Fahmy_16th.pdf 559.31 KB
Qualitative Methods Further reading-Eldin Fahmy_16th.pdf 332.53 KB
QuIP_James Copestake_16th.pdf 1.94 MB
Relative Deprivation Theory_David Gordon_15th.ppt 2.67 MB
Reliability practical Hector Najera.pdf 650.65 KB
Reliability&Validity_Hector Najera_18th.pdf 4.01 MB
Small Area Estimation&Mapping_Hector Najera_19th.pdf 4.71 MB
Validity Practical Hector Najera.pdf 552.34 KB
Longitudinal Poverty Research Methods_Alba Lanau_19th.pdf 2.53 MB
Qualitative Methods Class exercises_Eldin Fahmy_16th.pdf 460.58 KB
Dialogical Analysis_Rana Jawad_17th.ppt 1.03 MB
Poverty as Capability Deprivation_Rod Hick_15th.ppt 1.28 MB
Poverty in Uganda_Vincent Ssennono_19th.ppt 1 MB
Qualitative Comparative Analysis_Mary Zhang_17th.ppt 9.47 MB
QuIP_James Copestake_16th.ppt 2.62 MB
Reliability&Validity_Hector Najera_18th.ppt 7.1 MB
A Brief History of the Idea of Poverty_David Gordon_15th.pdf 2.64 MB
Relative Deprivation Theory_David Gordon_15th.pdf 1.37 MB
Advanced qualitative data methods_Eldin Fahmy_16th.pdf 648.72 KB
Effective dissemination-1.ppt 7.37 MB
Effective dissemination- 2.ppt 8.23 MB
Effective dissemination- 3.ppt 9.19 MB
Effective dissemination- 4.ppt 3 MB

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